Magnesium Hydroxide (Mg (OH) 2), also known as milk of magnesia, is a mineral supplement that helps to relieve stomach pain and heartburn. It’s an antacid and laxative that also increases the amount of water in intestines. It’s available over the counter and in prescription forms.
It’s used for treating acid indigestion, heartburn, and gastroesophageal reflux disease, or GERD. It also treats constipation, which can occur from a lack of stomach acid or because intestines are too small. The antacid Magnesium Hydroxide is usually taken orally and may come in the form of chewable tablets, liquid suspensions, or capsules. It must be used as directed on the label or by doctor. It is not recommended to use more than the prescribed dose or to take it for longer than 7 days without medical advice. It can also be used to treat a variety of skin conditions, including psoriasis and eczema. It can also be applied to the back and the arms to treat sprains and strained muscles. It is sold under the trade names Milk of Magnesia and Phillips' Milk of Magnesia. It was invented in 1829 by Sir James Murray, and is still in use today. The product is made from a suspension of magnesium hydroxide in water and is 8% by weight. It is available as an over-the-counter (OTC) medication. Magnesium Hydroxide is used in the production of plastics and other products, such as paints and coatings. It is also used in the treatment of acidic wastewater and as a fire retardant. The toxicity of (Mg (OH) 2) is dose-dependent, but its LD50 is lower than the LD50 of Mg (2+). A single oral study of six healthy males showed that a 360 mg/kg oral dose of Mg(OH)2 over 5 d resulted in a cation absorption rate of 25.6% +- 34.5% based on urinary excretion of magnesium ions (Benech et al. 1998). Several studies have shown that ingested Magnesium Hydroxide is absorbed by the intestinal tract, though there is limited evidence about how much of this absorbed cation actually passes into the bloodstream. In addition, (Mg (OH) 2) may be absorbed from the lungs through inhalation exposure. However, this is difficult to evaluate because few (Mg (OH) 2) filaments were detected in the lungs of rats after inhalation. Ingestion of large amounts of (Mg (OH) 2) can cause nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and kidney damage. This toxicity is especially dangerous in people with chronic kidney disease or other conditions that affect how the kidneys remove calcium and magnesium from the body. A small number of patients have experienced serious side effects after taking high levels of magnesium. These include abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, numbness in the legs or arms, heart problems, and kidney failure. The most severe side effect is cardiac arrest, which can lead to death if the heart stops beating. Magnesium Hydroxide can cause electrolyte imbalances, so it is required to monitor sodium and potassium levels while using this medicine. Having an electrolyte imbalance can cause symptoms of dehydration, including dizziness and lightheadedness.
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